Aboriginal labour built a lot of Australia's infrastructure, including railway lines, cattle stations and farms. But they were often not paid for their work. Their wages were held in trust accounts or dissapeared through corruption and state-sanctioned mismanagement. There is little difference between this system and slavery, even though Aboriginal labour was being stolen well after the British abolished slavery in 1833.
Today, Aboriginal people are still under paternalistic systems where their finances are controlled through punative cashless welfare cards and work-for-the-dole schemes. In these systems, recipients are forced to work for unemployment benefits, which is often hard labour and hazardous work. There is racial discrimination in the welfare system, where Aboriginal people are required to jump through more hoops than non-Indigenous people to recieve the same benefits.
While there has been some compensation paid for historical cases, the compensation does not go anywhere near covering the amount stolen.
Due to the above factors, the intergenerational nature of poverty and systematic governmental blindsightedness, Aboriginal people are stuck in an endless cycle of poverty.
You can read more in this article by Barkindji woman, Kirilly Dawn.